INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LIGHTHOUSE AUTHORITIES Maritime Buoyage System A To be introduced in N.W.Europe & many other waters by stages starting in April 1977 (For explanation see page 200) LATERAL MARKS PORT HAND or or Top mark (if anvl single red can.

Light (when fitted) red, any rhythm.

CARDINAL MARKS NW Light (when fitted] white; rhythm, VQFyvorQF.

Light (when fitted) white; rhythm, VQFI3) or QF(3).

Light (when fitted) white; rhythm, VQFOI orQFO).

Light (when fitted) white; rhythm VQFI6) + LF orQF(6) + LF sw SE VQF: very quick flashing. QF: quick flashing. LF; long flash.

LATERAL MARKS STARBOARD HAN or or Top mark (if any) single green cone.point Light (when fitted) green, any rhythm.

SAFE WATERMARKS o or or Top mark (if any) single led sphere.

Light (when fitted) white; rhythm, isophase, occulting or long flashing.

ISOLATED DANGER MARKS Light (when fitted) white; rhythm, group flashing(2).

SPECIAL MARKS or or or Top mark (if any) single yellow X shape.

Light (when fitted) yellow; rhythm, any,other than those used for Cardinal, Isolated Danger or Safe Water Marks.

Shape, optional but not conflicting with navigational marks.

CONVENTIONAL BUOYAGE DIRECTION To be introduced concurrently with IALA Buoyage System A, Direction of buoyage in rivers and estuaries will continue to be from seaward inwards..